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Toddler 'formulas' are unnecessary and lack nutritional benefits of milk, pediatrician group warns_我的网站

一 |     Beverages marketed as toddler "formula" are unnecessary and some have questionable marketing practices, according to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.In recent years, the popularity of these formulas — referred to as Older Infant and Young Child Formulas (OIYCFs) — has risen significantly, according to research published in the journal Public Health Nutrition. The study found sales went up by 158% between 2006 and 2015. However, experts say there are several concerns surrounding their usage."Many parents mistakenly believe that OIYCFs offer something more, something unique that cow milk together with a varied diet with fortified foods can't provide," Dr. George Fuchs, professor of pediatrics and epidemiology at the University of Kentucky and lead author on the new AAP report, told ABC News. "This misconception can be largely attributed to the advertising and branding of these products."The AAP recommends babies drink infant formula or breastmilk until they are 12 months old and then transition to cow's milk in addition to solid foods, which are typically introduced at about 6 months.Toddler "formula" is sometimes marketed as a "transitional" or "weaning" formula for infants who are 0 -12 months old, according to the new report. But unlike infant formula, which must meet certain FDA guidelines for nutritional content, there are no standard nutritional requirements for toddler "formula," the report says."Toddler formula is unnecessary for the vast majority of toddlers and its nutritional value is inferior to that of whole cow's milk, especially when accounting for the additional sugar content of toddler formula," Dr. Keyana Washington, a pediatrician with Gwinnett Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine in Georgia, who was not involved with the report, told ABC News.There are misconceptions about the drinks, according to Dr. Nagela Sainté-Thomas, a pediatric emergency medicine specialist from El Paso, Texas."One reason for their popularity is parents and caregivers believe these drinks provide nutrients similar to solid foods and if they have significant challenges integrating solids into their toddler's diet, they can easily utilize this 'nutritional' substitution," Sainté-Thomas, who was not involved in the AAP report, told ABC News.In 1986, The World Health Assembly had already identified special formulas for older infants as unnecessary. Many global health organizations -- including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF, in addition to WHO -- emphasize that a combination of breast milk, whole cow's milk, water, and appropriate solid foods is nutritionally sufficient for most toddlers.Toddler "formulas" are not necessarily dangerous or bad for children, the AAP said in its report. They can be part of a balanced diet for babies 12 months and older, but are not better than cow's milk, the report said.But some companies making OIYCFs imply that their products add an important part of a toddler diet, even though that's not the case, according to the new AAP report.OIYCFs often appear very similar to infant formulas, according to the AAP report, which may cause confusion among parents and caregivers. Some companies use similar names, colors, designs, and even slogans for their OIYCFs and infant formulas, the report found.The pediatricians ABC News spoke with say parents and caregivers should make sure toddlers have a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, dairy, water, and either breast milk, infant formula, or whole cow's milk.Parents and caregivers should talk to their pediatricians about the role OIYCFs might play in their child's diet."The decision to deviate from the recommendation to give whole cow's milk starting at age 12 months is one that parents should make in consultation with their pediatrician," Washington said.Daniel A. Carnegie, MD, MPH, MBA is a preventive medicine resident at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.。    8月26日讯 据英国媒体《太阳报》报道，斯特林被指控危险驾驶和持有笑气。斯特林价值27万英镑的兰博基尼在高速公路上发生事故，他被控危险驾驶和持有笑气。若罪名成立，这位31岁的前英格兰边锋可能面临两年监禁， 5月28日上午，目击者看到这辆黑色豪华四驱车在汉普郡M3高速上左右摇摆，随即拨打报警电话，这位曾效力利物浦、曼城和切尔西的边锋在法恩伯勒附近一个立交桥附近被捕。

二 | 目前无球可踢的斯特林原定周五到案，如今警察透露他将9月15日在贝辛斯托克地方法院出庭。汉普郡和怀特岛警察局发言人表示，这位来自伯克郡的31岁球员被控危险驾驶、持有一氧化二氮（笑气）及未能提供样本，指控源于5月28日在M3高速南向、靠近明利立交桥处一辆兰博基尼发生的单车碰撞事故，无其他车辆涉及，无人受伤。一氧化二氮俗称笑气，2023年11月被重新归类为C类管制物质后已属非法，斯特林15岁时于2010年被利物浦从女王公园巡游者青训签下，在安菲尔德成为球迷宠儿，后因合同纠纷于2015年转投曼城，在那里赢得四座英超、五座联赛杯和一座足总杯。不过接近斯特林的消息人士透露，自2022年7月从曼城以5000万镑转会费加盟切尔西后，他的心理健康受到影响，最终被时任主帅马雷斯卡排除在计划之外，只能单独训练，随后被外租至阿森纳，2月他加盟费耶诺德，今夏合同到期，如今无球可踢。消息人士表示，尽管代表英格兰出场82次，但斯特林仍感到自己被贬低到毫无价值，这给他造成了心理压力。斯特林已与30岁的青梅竹马佩姬·米利安订婚，育有两子，他还与前女友育有一个孩子。

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